Production
Sound
The Production Sound Mixer is head of the
sound department on set, responsible for recording all sound during filming.
This involves the choice and deployment of microphones, operation of a sound
recording device, and the mixing of audio signals in real time.
The Boom Operator is an assistant to the
Production Sound Mixer, responsible for microphone placement and movement
during filming. The Boom Operator uses a boom pole, a long pole made of light
aluminum or carbon fiber that allows precise positioning of the microphone
above or below the Actors, just out of the camera's frame. The Boom Operator
may also place radio microphones and hidden set microphones. In France, the
Boom Operator is called the Perchman.
The utility Sound Technician has a dynamic
role in the Sound Department, most typically pulling cables, but often acting
as an additional Boom Operator or Mixer when required by complex filming
circumstances. Not all films employ a Utility Sound Technician, but the
increasing complexities of location sound recording in modern film have made
the job more prevalent. This role is sometimes credited as Cable Puller or Python
Wrangler.
Sound/Music
The Sound Designer, or Supervising Sound Editor, is in
charge of the post-production sound of a movie. Sometimes this may involve
great creative license, and other times it may simply mean working with the
Director and Editor to balance the sound to their liking.
The Dialogue Editor is responsible for
assembling and editing all the dialog in the soundtrack.
The Sound Editor is responsible for
assembling and editing all the sound effects in the soundtrack.
The Re-recording Mixer balances all of the
sounds prepared by the dialogue, music and effects editors, and finalizes the
films audio track.
The Music Supervisor, or Music Director, works with the
Composer, Mixers and Editors to create and integrate the film's music. In Hollywood a Music Supervisor's primary
responsibility is to act as liaison between the film production and the recording industry,
negotiating the use rights for all source music used in a film.
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Composer
The Composer is responsible for writing the musical score for
a film.
The Foley Artist is the person who creates
the post-sync sound effects for a film. These sound effects are recorded in
sync to picture and are mostly body movements, footsteps or object
manipulations. The most common reason for recording these effects live to
picture is the fact that such sounds are lost when the dialogue is removed to
be replaced by a foreign language version. Unsatisfactorily recorded sync sound
effects can also be replaced with Foley effects. Foley artists are also known
as Foley walkers. Foley is named after it's first known practitioner, an early
Hollywood sound editor named Jack Foley.
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